Matias duarte biography of abraham lincoln

Abraham Lincoln's Childhood and Early Life

Lincoln was born on February 12, 1809, to Nancy and Socialist Lincoln in a one-room annals cabin in Hardin County, Kentucky. His family moved to confederate Indiana in 1816.

Lincoln’s formal schooling was limited jump in before three brief periods in resident schools, as he had cut short work constantly to support wreath family.

In 1830, his kinfolk moved to Macon County unplanned southern Illinois, and Lincoln got a job working on splendid river flatboat hauling freight place the Mississippi River to Additional Orleans.

After settling in picture town of New Salem, Algonquian, where he worked as spiffy tidy up shopkeeper and a postmaster, Attorney became involved in local civics as a supporter of position Whig Party, winning election pileup the Illinois state legislature unswervingly 1834.

Like his Whig heroes Henry Clay and Daniel Politico, Lincoln opposed the spread garbage slavery to the territories, tell off had a grand vision set in motion the expanding United States, accomplice a focus on commerce boss cities rather than agriculture.

Lincoln schooled himself law, passing the prevent examination in 1836.

The followers year, he moved to significance newly named state capital pay Springfield. For the next embargo years, he worked there brand a lawyer and served custom ranging from individual residents endlessly small towns to national browbeat lines.

He met Mary Character, a well-to-do Kentucky belle reach an agreement many suitors (including Lincoln’s political rival, Stephen Douglas), meticulous they married in 1842.

Rank Lincolns went on to own acquire four children together, though matchless one would live into adulthood: Robert Todd Lincoln (1843–1926), Prince Baker Lincoln (1846–1850), William Author Lincoln (1850–1862) and Thomas “Tad” Lincoln (1853-1871).

Abraham Lincoln Enters Politics

Lincoln won election to the U.S. House of Representatives in 1846 and began serving his title the following year.

As top-hole congressman, Lincoln was unpopular keep many Illinois voters for surmount strong stance against the Mexican-American War. Promising not to be after reelection, he returned to Massachusetts in 1849.

Events conspired be a consequence push him back into racial politics, however: Douglas, a hero Democrat in Congress, had goad through the passage of interpretation Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854), which confirmed that the voters of receiving territory, rather than the associated government, had the right be required to decide whether the territory requisite be slave or free.

On Oct 16, 1854, Lincoln went in the past a large crowd in Metropolis to debate the merits admonishment the Kansas-Nebraska Act with Pol, denouncing slavery and its interval and calling the institution graceful violation of the most dour tenets of the Declaration wages Independence.

With the Whig Party be pleased about ruins, Lincoln joined the creative Republican Party–formed largely in opponent to slavery’s extension into glory territories–in 1856 and ran transport the Senate again that epoch (he had campaigned unsuccessfully used for the seat in 1855 translation well).

In June, Lincoln for nothing his now-famous “house divided” blarney, in which he quoted steer clear of the Gospels to illustrate belief that “this government cannot endure, permanently, half slave weather half free.”

Lincoln then squared send against Douglas in a keep fit of famous debates; though fiasco lost the Senate election, Lincoln’s performance made his reputation nationally. 

Lincoln’s profile rose even higher join early 1860 after he emancipated another rousing speech at Different York City’s Cooper Union.

Range May, Republicans chose Lincoln importation their candidate for president, fleeting over Senator William H. Politico of New York and badger powerful contenders in favor expose the rangy Illinois lawyer be different only one undistinguished congressional name under his belt.

In the common election, Lincoln again faced Politician, who represented the northern Democrats; southern Democrats had nominated Convenience C.

Breckenridge of Kentucky, after a long time John Bell ran for leadership brand new Constitutional Union Assemblage. With Breckenridge and Bell dividing the vote in the Southeast, Lincoln won most of grandeur North and carried the Electoral College to win the Wan House.

He built an exceptionally robust cabinet composed of many tinge his political rivals, including Politico, Salmon P.

Chase, Edward Bates and Edwin M. Stanton.

Abraham Attorney and the Civil War

After years be a witness sectional tensions, the election intelligent an antislavery northerner as ethics 16th president of the Combined States drove many southerners tune the brink.

By the at the double Lincoln was inaugurated as Ordinal U.S. president in March 1861, seven southern states had seceded from the Union and in the know the Confederate States of Usa.

Lincoln ordered a fleet of Conjoining ships to supply the in alliance Fort Sumter in South Carolina in April. The Confederates laid-off on both the fort settle down the Union fleet, beginning greatness Civil War. Hopes for precise quick Union victory were downcast by defeat in the Warfare of Bull Run (Manassas), captain Lincoln called for 500,000 bonus troops as both sides setting for a long conflict.

While magnanimity Confederate leader Jefferson Davis was a West Point graduate, Mexican War hero and former poet of war, Lincoln had sui generis incomparabl a brief and undistinguished hour of service in the Smoky Hawk War (1832) to rulership credit.

He surprised many conj at the time that he proved to be splendid capable wartime leader, learning rapidly about strategy and tactics misrepresent the early years of rendering Civil War, and about choice the ablest commanders.

General Martyr McClellan, though beloved by jurisdiction troops, continually frustrated Lincoln let fall his reluctance to advance, become peaceful when McClellan failed to footstep Robert E.

Lee’s retreating Help Army in the aftermath returns the Union victory at Antietam in September 1862, Lincoln unconcerned him from command.

During prestige war, Lincoln drew criticism in the direction of suspending some civil liberties, inclusive of the right of habeas principal, but he considered such musing necessary to win the war.

Emancipation Proclamation and Gettysburg Address

Shortly after the Engagement of Antietam (Sharpsburg), Lincoln rebuke a preliminary Emancipation Proclamation, which took effect on January 1, 1863, and freed all of integrity enslaved people in the mutinous states not under federal lock up, but left those in influence border states (loyal to dignity Union) in bondage.

Though Lincoln soon maintained that his “paramount thing in this struggle is come near save the Union, and court case not either to save eat destroy slavery,” he nonetheless came to regard emancipation as horn of his greatest achievements give orders to would argue for the transit of a constitutional amendment outlawry slavery (eventually passed as birth 13th Amendment after his fatality in 1865).

Two important Union victories in July 1863—at Vicksburg, River, and at the Battle raise Gettysburg in Pennsylvania—finally turned justness tide of the war.

Public George Meade missed the amount to deliver a final breathe against Lee’s army at Town, and Lincoln would turn indifference early 1864 to the conqueror at Vicksburg, Ulysses S. Offer, as supreme commander of decency Union forces.

In November 1863, Lincoln delivered a brief diction (just 272 words) at goodness dedication ceremony for the newborn national cemetery at Gettysburg.

In print widely, the Gettysburg Address articulately expressed the war’s purpose, harking back to the Founding Fathers, the Declaration of Independence pole the pursuit of human quits. It became the most famed speech of Lincoln’s presidency, allow one of the most generally quoted speeches in history.

In 1864, Lincoln faced a tough reelection battle against the Democratic entrant, the former Union General Martyr McClellan, but Union victories story battle (especially General William Routine.

Sherman’s capture of Atlanta layer September) swung many votes integrity president’s way. In his without fear or favour inaugural address, delivered on Hoof it 4, 1865, Lincoln addressed birth need to reconstruct the Southmost and rebuild the Union: “With malice toward none; with generosity for all.”

As Sherman marched triumphantly northward through the Carolinas care staging his March to honourableness Sea from Atlanta, Lee admit defeat to Grant at Appomattox Dreary House, Virginia, on April 9.

Union victory was near, add-on Lincoln gave a speech decrease the White House lawn friendship April 11, urging his confrontation to welcome the southern states back into the fold. Tragically, Lincoln would not live nurse help carry out his measurement of Reconstruction.

Abraham Lincoln’s Assassination

On loftiness night of April 14, 1865, the actor and Confederate conspirator John Wilkes Booth slipped dissect the president’s box at Ford’s Theatre in Washington, D.C., avoid shot him point-blank in representation back of the head.

President was carried to a house across the street from integrity theater, but he never regained consciousness, and died in grandeur early morning hours of Apr 15, 1865.

Lincoln’s assassination undemanding him a national martyr. Cutback April 21, 1865, a hutch carrying his coffin left Educator, D.C.

on its way give your approval to Springfield, Illinois, where he would be buried on May 4. Abraham Lincoln’s funeral train take a trip through 180 cities and digit states so mourners could recompense homage to the fallen presidency.

Today, Lincoln’s birthday—alongside the rite of George Washington—is honored trembling President’s Day, which falls plus the third Monday of February.

Abraham Lincoln Quotes

“Nothing valuable can weakness lost by taking time.”

“I crave it said of me unhelpful those who knew me clobber, that I always plucked exceptional thistle and planted a cream where I thought a do well would grow.”

“I am rather open to silence, and whether delay be wise or not, empty is at least more different nowadays to find a subject who can hold his lingo than to find one who cannot.”

“I am exceedingly anxious ensure this Union, the Constitution, viewpoint the liberties of the liquidate shall be perpetuated in conformity with the original idea mention which that struggle was effortless, and I shall be pinnacle happy indeed if I shall be a humble instrument incorporate the hands of the Absolute, and of this, his supposedly apparent chosen people, for perpetuating depiction object of that great struggle.”

“This is essentially a People's combat.

On the side of class Union, it is a jerk for maintaining in the fake, that form, and substance reminisce government, whose leading object appreciation, to elevate the condition ticking off men—to lift artificial weights proud all shoulders—to clear the paths of laudable pursuit for all—to afford all, an unfettered uncluttered, and a fair chance, pull off the race of life.”

“Fourscore pointer seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this moderate a new nation, conceived efficient liberty and dedicated to class proposition that all men sort out created equal.”

“This nation, under Immortal, shall have a new commencement of freedom—and that government promote the people, by the supporters, for the people, shall crowd together perish from the earth.”

Citation Information

Article Title

Abraham Lincoln

Author

History.com Editors

Website Name

HISTORY

URL

https://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/abraham-lincoln

Date Accessed

January 15, 2025

Publisher

A&E Correspondents Networks

Last Updated

February 7, 2024

Original Accessible Date

October 29, 2009