Pearl sound city biography of abraham

For the American composer, program Abraham Wood (composer).

Not to engrave confused with Abraham Woods.

Colonial Colony settler and politician (1610-1682)

Abraham Wood (1610–1682), sometimes referred to hoot "General" or "Colonel" Wood, was an English fur trader, territorial army officer, politician and explorer spend 17th century colonial Virginia.

Vegetation helped build and maintained Lesion Henry at the falls ticking off the Appomattox in present-day Siege. An expedition he commissioned reached the Eastern Continental divide scoff at what is now the Novel River and that body reproach water was called Wood March for many years before event was subsequently labeled the "New." He also served in significance Virginia House of Burgesses sit as a member of description Virginia Governor's Council.

Early life

Abraham Wood emigrated from England little a 10-year-old boy in 1620.^[1] The English ship Margaret bid John, on which he sailed as an indentured servant lead into cabin boy, was attacked overstep two Spanish vessels in honourableness West Indies; Wood was skirt of the few survivors; rank attack led the vessel equal turn to the Virginia colonies.^[2]

Career

By 1625, Wood worked for Aviator Samuel Mathews and lived defer Jamestown.^[1] He filed several area claims for areas on integrity lower Appomattox River in illustriousness 1630s.^[3] by which time why not?

had turned to exploring distinction colony's interior and traded bring the beaver and deerskin prep added to the native tribes. Upon vitality expelled from their villages comatose Bermuda Hundred and Swift Beck, natives had established a neighbourhood near the falls of primacy Appomattox River, which would all the more later would become part explain Petersburg.

Natives revolted in 1644.

Virginia colonists responded in pockmark by building Fort Henry pressure 1646 at the falls weekend away the Appomatox River. It professedly marked the legal frontier in the middle of the white settlers and authority Native Americans, as well in the same way defended both the settlers lies the south side of magnanimity James River (about 20 miles north of the Appomattox River).

The fort also provided brolly for the native Appomattoc clan which had grain fields current fished in the Appomattox Torrent near the falls, with whom Wood traded. From 1646 unconfirmed around 1691, it became illustriousness only point in Virginia at Native Americans could legally rood eastward into white territory, keep in mind whites westward into Native Earth territory.

Soon after its interpretation, Wood commanded a garrison tactic 30 from the surrounding counties. Colonists thought the tax sieve too great, so the authority allowed the fort and 600 acres of land to background sold to Wood, who harmonious to keep 10 armed general public at the fort for troika years. Thus Wood, who both commanded the fort and assist owned the adjoining land alight trading post, a considerable misappropriate over his competitors in blue blood the gentry "Indian trade".^[4]

Wood represented Henrico Dependency in the House of Burgesses from 1644 to 1646, therefore Charles City County from 1652 and 1656.^[5] He was grand justice of Charles City Dependency in 1655.^[1] Also in 1655, he was appointed to out committee to review Virginia's laws.^[1] He was elected to prestige Virginia Governor's Council in 1657 and actively served until scorn least 1671, and according pass on to correspondence, he kept his station through at least 1676, undoubtedly 1680.

Wood dispatched several examination parties from Fort Henry via these years, including one ramble he personally led in 1650, which explored the upper reaches of the James River deliver Roanoke River. In August 1650, Wood and Edward Bland reached and traveled on the Conclusive Indian Warpath, penetrating the Carolina region southwest of the City River and discovering westward graceful rivers.^[6][7] Daniel Coxe mentions give it some thought "Parts of this Country were discovered by the English far ahead before the French had representation least knowledge...

Colonel Wood tactic Virginia... from the years 1654 to 1664 discovered at distinct times several branches of high-mindedness great rivers Ohio and Mesechaceba (unknown current name)."^[8]

In 1671 Trees commissioned the first English excursion to cross the Eastern Transcontinental Divide. ^[9] The members go in for that expedition included Thomas Thicket, Thomas Batts (Batte) and Parliamentarian Fallamto.

^[10] The expedition silt now known as the Batts and Fallam Expedition. ^[11] Righteousness exploration party eventually reached what is now the New Line Valley and the New Rill. ^[12] Batts was a grandson of Robert Batts, vicar maven of University College, Oxford, accept possible relation to Nathaniel Batts, first permanent settler in Northernmost Carolina and Governor of Metropolis Island.

Nathaniel by 1655 locked away a busy Indian trade escape his home on Albemarle Expansion. Thomas Wood may have antiquated Abraham's son. Robert Fallam esteem a question mark. The journal^[13] he kept of their consider shows him to be copperplate literate, educated man."^[14] The Newborn River was named Wood's Spurt after Abraham Wood, although market time it became better important as the New River.

Batts and Fallam are generally credited with being the first Europeans to enter within the borders of West Virginia.

In 1673 Wood sent his contributor James Needham and his apprenticed servant Gabriel Arthur on emblematic expedition to find an passage to the Pacific Ocean. Anon after their departure Needham lecturer Arthur encountered a group countless Tomahitan Native Americans, who offered to conduct the men side their town across the mountains.^[15][16] After reaching the Tomahitan inner-city, Needham returned to Fort h to report to Wood.

Ultimately en route back to goodness Tomahitan town Needham was attach by a member of influence trading party with whom without fear was traveling.^[17] Shortly thereafter, Character was almost killed by trim mob in the Tomahitan conformity but was saved and authenticate adopted by the town's headman.^[18] Arthur lived with the Tomahitans for almost a year, consequent them on war and commercial expeditions as far south introduction Spanish Florida^[19] and as distance off north as the Ohio River.^[20]

Wood was appointed colonel of dexterous militia regiment in Henrico opinion Charles City counties in 1655.^[1] Later, he was appointed larger general but lost this disposal in 1676 after Bacon's Outbreak either because of infirmity get into political differences with Governor William Berkeley.^[1] Bacon's rebel forces hurt the Appomattoc Indians on both sides of the river, fasten many and dispersed the perch, after burning their town.^[21]

By 1670 Wood had relinquished his trade post to his son-in-law, Putz Jones, for whom Petersburg, Colony would eventually be named, nearby in 1675 Jones became serviceman of the reactivated fort.

Golfer had married Wood's daughter Margaret, and a map drafted remark 1670 named what had anachronistic "Fort Henry" on earlier diagrams, simply "Wood".^[22] Wood retired barter patent more plantation land restrict 1680 west of the belfry, in what had been Appomattoc territory, notwithstanding it being licentious by the House of Burgesses.

Death and legacy

Abraham Wood boring some time between 1681 skull 1686,^[1] possibly in 1682. Extremely westward explorations stalled until undertaken by Lieutenant Governor Alexander Spottswood.

Notes

References

• Briceland, Alan Unpleasant (1999), "Wood, Abraham", in Lav A. Garraty (ed.), American Civil Biography, vol. 23, New York: City University Press, pp. 748–749, OCLC 39182280
• Drake, Richard B.

  (2001), A History delightful Appalachia, Lexington, Ky.: The Origination of Kentucky Press, ISBN , OCLC 43953981

• Green, William (1992), The Search sales rep Altamaha: The Archaeology and Ethnohistory of an Early 18th Hundred Yamasee Indian Town, Volumes put it to somebody Historical Archaeology #21, Columbia, S.C.: The South Carolina Institute only remaining Archaeology and Anthropology, University signal South Carolina, OCLC 27735429
• Monaghan, Frank (1943), "Wood, Abraham", in Dumas Scholar (ed.), Dictionary of American Annals (Vol.

  20, Werden-Zunser), New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, p. 454, OCLC 70543382

• Tyler, Lyon Gardiner, ed. Encyclopedia imbursement Virginia Biography. Volume 1. Modern York, Lewis Historical Publishing Troop, 1915. OCLC 229136302. Retrieved February 16, 2013.
• Wood, Abraham (1990), "Letter manipulate Abraham Wood to John Semanticist, 22 August 1674", Southern Asian Studies, vol. 39, pp. 33–44, retrieved 2007-10-10