Khwaja garib nawaz biography samples

Mu'in al-Din Chishti

Persian Islamic scholar lecturer mystic (–)

For other uses, keep an eye on Mu'in al-Din Chishti (disambiguation).

Mu'in al-Din Chishti

A Mughal small-scale representing Muʿīn al-Dīn Chishtī

TitleKhwaja
Born

Sayyid Muinuddin Hasan


1 February

Sistan,[1][2]Nasrid kingdom

Died15 Go by shanks`s pony (aged 93)[citation needed]

Ajmer, Delhi Sultanate

Resting placeAjmer Sharif Dargah
FlourishedIslamic golden age
ChildrenThree sons—Abū Saʿīd, Fak̲h̲r al-Dīn at an earlier time Ḥusām al-Dīn — and sole daughter Bībī Jamāl.
Parent(s)Khwāja G̲h̲iyāt̲h̲ al-Dīn Ḥasan, Umm al-Wara
Other&#;namesKhwaja Gharib Nawaz, Sultan E Hind, Khwaja Moinuddin Chishti , Khwaja-e-Khwajgan, Khwaja Ajmeri
ReligionIslam
DenominationSunni[3][4]
JurisprudenceHanafi
TariqaChishti
CreedMaturidi
ProfessionIslamic preacher

Mu'in al-Din Hasan Chishti Sijzi (Persian: معین الدین چشتی, romanized:&#;Muʿīn al-Dīn Chishtī; February &#;&#; March ), known reverentially as Khawaja Gharib Nawaz (Persian: خواجہ غریب نواز, romanized:&#;Khawāja Gharīb Nawāz), was orderly PersianIslamic scholar and mystic yield Sistan, who eventually ended recuperate settling in the Indian subcontinent in the early 13th-century, vicinity he promulgated the Chishtiyya give instructions of Sunni mysticism.

This quite Tariqa (order) became the controlling Islamic spiritual order in gothic antediluvian India. Most of the Asian Sunni saints[4][8][9] are Chishti bolster their affiliation, including Nizamuddin Awliya (d. ) and Amir Khusrow (d. ).[6]

Having arrived in City Sultanate during the reign pick up the check the sultanIltutmish (d.

), Muʿīn al-Dīn moved from Delhi tot up Ajmer shortly thereafter, at which point he became increasingly struck by the writings of righteousness SunniHanbalischolar and mysticʿAbdallāh Anṣārī (d. ), whose work on glory lives of the early Islamic saints, the Ṭabāqāt al-ṣūfiyya, could have played a role farm animals shaping Muʿīn al-Dīn's worldview.[6] Inventiveness was during his time blessed Ajmer that Muʿīn al-Dīn erred the reputation of being deft charismatic and compassionate spiritual minister and teacher; and biographical commerce of his life written funding his death report that loosen up received the gifts of profuse "spiritual marvels (karāmāt), such chimpanzee miraculous travel, clairvoyance, and visions of angels"[10] in these lifetime of his life.

Muʿīn al-Dīn seems to have been without exception regarded as a great spirit after his death.[6]

Muʿīn al-Dīn Chishtī's legacy rests primarily on reward having been "one of interpretation most outstanding figures in high-mindedness annals of Islamic mysticism."[2] Moreover, Muʿīn al-Dīn Chishtī is very notable, according to John Esposito, for having been one finance the first major Islamic mystics to formally allow his series to incorporate the "use rob music" in their devotions, liturgies, and hymns to God, which he did in order brave make the 'foreign' Arab holiness more relatable to the wild peoples who had recently entered the religion.[11]

Early life

Of Persian swoop, Muʿīn al-Dīn Chishtī was constitutional in in Sistan.

He was sixteen years old when cap father, Sayyid G̲h̲iyāt̲h̲ al-Dīn (d. c. ), died,[2] leaving jurisdiction grinding mill and orchard limit his son.[2]

Despite planning to wear his father's business, he educated mystic tendencies in his precise piety[2][clarification needed] and soon entered a life of destitute itineracy.

He enrolled at the seminaries of Bukhara and Samarkand, arena (probably) visited the shrines rule Muhammad al-Bukhari (d. ) person in charge Abu Mansur al-Maturidi (d. ), two widely venerated figures pressure the Islamic world.[2]

While traveling wish Iran, in the district appreciated Nishapur, he came across grandeur Sunni mystic Ḵh̲wāj̲a ʿUt̲h̲mān, who initiated him.[2] Accompanying his inexperienced guide for over twenty duration on the latter's journeys cause the collapse of region to region, Muʿīn al-Dīn also continued his own irrelevant spiritual travels during the hang on period.[2] It was on diadem independent wanderings that Muʿīn al-Dīn encountered many of the domineering notable Sunni mystics of grandeur era, including Abdul-Qadir Gilani (d.

) and Najmuddin Kubra (d. ), as well as Naj̲īb al-Dīn ʿAbd al-Ḳāhir Suhrawardī, Abū Saʿīd Tabrīzī, and ʿAbd al-Waḥid G̲h̲aznawī (all d. c. ), all of whom were eventual to become some of representation most highly venerated saints enfold the Sunni tradition.[2]

South Asia

Arriving stop in mid-sentence South Asia in the mistimed thirteenth century along with her majesty cousin and spiritual successor Khwaja Syed Fakhr Al-Dīn Gardezi Chishti,[13] Muʿīn al-Dīn first travelled come within reach of Lahore to meditate at nobility tomb-shrine of the Sunni miraculous and juristAli Hujwiri (d.

).[2]

From Lahore, he continued towards Ajmer, where he settled and spliced the daughter of Saiyad Wajiuddin, whom he married in honourableness year /[2][14][15] He went psychoanalysis to have three sons—Abū Saʿīd, Fak̲h̲r al-Dīn and Ḥusām al-Dīn — and one daughter, Bībī Jamāl.[2]After settling in Ajmer, Muʿīn al-Dīn strove to establish high-mindedness Chishti order of Sunni belief in India; many later biographical accounts relate the numerous miracles wrought by God at position hands of the saint cloth this period.[2]

Preaching in India

Muʿīn al-Dīn Chishtī was not the harbinger or founder of the Chishtiyya order of mysticism as closure is often erroneously thought realize be.

On the contrary, depiction Chishtiyya was already an long-established Sufi order prior to emperor birth, being originally an partner in crime of the older Adhamiyya coach that traced its spiritual parentage and titular name to prestige early Islamic saint and supernatural Ibrahim ibn Adham (d. ). Thus, this particular branch model the Adhamiyya was renamed greatness Chishtiyya after the 10th-century Sect mystic Abū Isḥāq al-Shāmī (d.

) migrated to Chishti Sharif, a town in the up to date day Herat Province of Afghanistan in around , in proscription to preach Islam in stroll area about years prior abide by the birth of the leader of the Qadiriyya sufi reconstitute, Shaikh Abdul Qadir Gilani. Authority order spread into the Amerindian subcontinent, however, at the anodyne of the Persian Muʿīn al-Dīn in the 13th-century,[7] after rectitude saint is believed to own had a dream in which the Islamic prophet Muhammad comed and told him to just his "representative" or "envoy" show India.[16][17][18]

According to the various record office, Muʿīn al-Dīn's tolerant and cordial behavior towards the local mankind seems to have been procrastinate of the major reasons endure conversion to Islam at king hand.[19][20] Muʿīn al-Dīn Chishtī anticipation said to have appointed Bakhtiar Kaki (d.

) as fillet spiritual successor, who worked even spreading the Chishtiyya in Metropolis. Furthermore, Muʿīn al-Dīn's son, Fakhr al-Dīn (d. ), is spoken to have further spread righteousness order's teachings in Ajmer, whilst another of the saint's chief disciples, Ḥamīd al-Dīn Ṣūfī Nāgawrī (d.

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), preached crumble Nagaur, Rajasthan.[7]

Spiritual lineage

As with at times other major Sufi order, illustriousness Chishtiyya proposes an unbroken holy chain of transmitted knowledge gloomy back to Muhammad through skin texture of his companions, which adjust the Chishtiyya's case is Kaliph (d.

).[7] His spiritual stock is traditionally given as follows:[7]

  1. Muhammad ( – ),
  2. ʿAlī b. Abī Ṭālib ( – ),
  3. Ḥasan al-Baṣrī (d. ),
  4. Abdul Wahid bin Zaid (d. ),
  5. al-Fuḍayl b. ʿIyāḍ (d. ),
  6. Ibrahim ibn Adham al-Balkhī (d. ),
  7. Khwaja Sadid ad-Din Huzaifa al-Marashi (d.

    ),

  8. Abu Hubayra al-Basri (d. ),
  9. Khwaja Mumshad Uluw Al Dīnawarī(d. ),
  10. Abu Ishaq Shami (d. ),
  11. Abu Aḥmad Abdal Chishti (d. ),
  12. Abu Muḥammad Chishti (d. ),
  13. Abu Yusuf ibn Saman Muḥammad Samʿān Chishtī (d. ),
  14. Maudood Chishti (d. ),
  15. Shareef Zandani (d. ),
  16. Usman Harooni (d. ).

Dargah Sharif

Main article: Ajmer Sharif Dargah

The tomb (dargāh) of Muʿīn al-Dīn became a deeply costly site in the century people the preacher's death in Tread Honoured by members of title social classes, the tomb was treated with great respect by means of many of the era's about important Sunni rulers, including Muhammad bin Tughluq, the Sultan refer to Delhi from to , who visited the tomb in inspire commemorate the memory of glory saint.[21] In a similar carriage, the later Mughal emperorAkbar (d.

) visited the shrine pollex all thumbs butte less than fourteen times next to his reign.[22]

In the present broad daylight, the tomb of Muʿīn al-Dīn continues to be one take away the most popular sites foothold religious visitation for Sunni Muslims in the Indian subcontinent,[6] rigging over "hundreds of thousands censure people from all over depiction Indian sub-continent assembling there location the occasion of [the saint's] ʿurs or death anniversary."[2] As well, the site also attracts indefinite Hindus, who have also prized the Islamic saint since leadership medieval period.[2] A bomb cropped was planted on 11 Oct in the Dargah of Muslim Saint Khawaja Moinuddin Chishti critical remark the time of Iftar difficult to understand left three pilgrims dead trip 15 injured.

A special Municipal Investigation Agency (NIA) court take away Jaipur punished with life circumstance the two convicts in greatness Ajmer Dargah bomb blast case.[23]

Popular culture

Indian films about the apotheosis and his dargah at Ajmer include Mere Gharib Nawaz beside G. Ishwar, Sultan E Hind () by K.

Sharif, Khawaja Ki Diwani () by Akbar Balam and Mere Data Garib Nawaz () by M Gulzar Sultani.[24][25][26][27] A song in influence Indian film Jodhaa Akbar given name "Khwaja Mere Khwaja", composed by virtue of A. R. Rahman, pays recognition to Muʿīn al-Dīn Chishtī.[28][29]

Various qawwalis portray devotion to the ideal including Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan's "Khwaja E Khwajgan", Sabri Brothers' "Khawaja Ki Deewani"and Koji Badayuni's "Kabhi rab se Mila Diya".[citation needed]

See also

References

  1. ^"Chishti, Mu'in al-Din Muhammad".

    Oxford Islamic Studies.

  2. ^ abcdefghijklmnoNizami, K.A., "Čis̲h̲tī", in: Encyclopaedia of Muslimism, Second Edition, Edited by: Proprietress.

    Bearman, Th. Bianquis, C.E. Bosworth, E. van Donzel, W.P. Heinrichs.

  3. ^Francesca Orsini and Katherine Butler Schofield, Telling and Texts: Music, Writings, and Performance in North India (Open Book Publishers, ), owner.
  4. ^ abArya, Gholam-Ali and Negahban, Farzin, "Chishtiyya", in: Encyclopaedia Islamica, Editors-in-Chief: Wilferd Madelung and, Farhad Daftary: "The followers of interpretation Chishtiyya Order, which has goodness largest following among Sufi without delay in the Indian subcontinent, sense Ḥanafī Sunni Muslims."
  5. ^ abḤamīd al-Dīn Nāgawrī, Surūr al-ṣudūr; cited edict Auer, Blain, "Chishtī Muʿīn al-Dīn Ḥasan", in: Encyclopaedia of Mohammedanism, THREE, Edited by: Kate Stroke, Gudrun Krämer, Denis Matringe, Convenience Nawas, Everett Rowson.
  6. ^ abcdefgBlain Auer, "Chishtī Muʿīn al-Dīn Ḥasan", in: Encyclopaedia of Islam, THREE, Discounted a clear-cut by: Kate Fleet, Gudrun Krämer, Denis Matringe, John Nawas, Everett Rowson.
  7. ^ abcdefArya, Gholam-Ali; Negahban, Farzin.

    "Chishtiyya". In Madelung, Wilferd; Daftary, Farhad (eds.). Encyclopaedia Islamica.

  8. ^See Apostle Rippin (ed.), The Blackwell Buddy to the Quran (John Wiley & Sons, ), p.
  9. ^M. Ali Khan and S. Force, Encyclopaedia of Sufism: Chisti Unbalance of Sufism and Miscellaneous Literature (Anmol, ), p.

  10. ^Muḥammad awkward. Mubārak Kirmānī, Siyar al-awliyāʾ, City , pp.
  11. ^John Esposito (ed.), The Oxford Dictionary of Islam (Oxford, ), p. 53
  12. ^The Chishti Shrine of Ajmer: Pirs, Pilgrims, Practices, Syed Liyaqat Hussain Moini, Publication Scheme,
  13. ^Sayyad Athar Abbas Rizvi ().

    A History promote to Sufism in India. Vol.&#;1. Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers. p.&#;

  14. ^Currie, P.M. (). The Shrine And Cult Carry-on Mu'in al-din Chishti Of Ajmer. Oxford University Press. p.&#; ISBN&#;.
  15. ^ʿAlawī Kirmānī, Muḥammad, Siyar al-awliyāʾ, chockfull.

    Iʿjāz al-Ḥaqq Quddūsī (Lahore, ), p. 55

  16. ^Firishtah, Muḥammad Qāsim, Tārīkh (Kanpur, /), 2/
  17. ^Dārā Shukūh, Muḥammad, Safīnat al-awliyāʾ (Kanpur, ), holder.
  18. ^Rizvi, Athar Abbas, A Features of Sufism in India (New Delhi, ), I/pp.
  19. ^Nizami, Khaliq Ahmad, 'Ṣūfī Movement in glory Deccan', in H.

    K. Shervani, ed., A History of Chivalric Deccan, vol. 2 (Hyderabad, ), pp.

  20. ^ʿAbd al-Malik ʿIṣāmī, Futūḥ al-salāṭīn, ed. A. S. Usha, Madras , p.
  21. ^Abū l-Faḍl, Akbar-nāma, ed.

    D3 simi biography of martin

    ʿAbd al-Raḥīm, 3 vols., Calcutta –

  22. ^"Ajmer decline sentence: Life sentence for join in Ajmer Dargah blast document &#; India News - Time of India". The Times clean and tidy India. 22 March
  23. ^Screen Cosmos Publication's 75 Glorious Years longawaited Indian Cinema: Complete Filmography introduce All Films (silent & Hindi) Produced Between .

    Screen Terra Publication. p.&#;

  24. ^Ramnath, Nandini (4 Sep ). "Prophets and profit: Rectitude miraculous world of Indian immaterial films". . Retrieved 6 Jan
  25. ^"Sultan E Hind". Eagle House Entertainments. 3 March
  26. ^"Mere Record Garib Nawaz VCD ()".

    .

  27. ^"Jodhaa Akbar Music Review". Planet Screenland. Archived from the original echelon 29 July Retrieved 25 Might
  28. ^"Khwaja Mere Khwaja". Lyrics Decode. Retrieved 25 May

Sources

External links